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Psalm 110
A Psalm of David.
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King James Version of the
Bible
1 The LORD said unto my Lord,
Sit thou at my right hand,
until I
make thine enemies thy footstool.
2 The LORD shall send the rod of thy strength
out of Zion:
rule
thou in the midst of thine enemies.
3 Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power, in the
beauties of holiness
from the womb of the morning: thou hast the dew
of thy youth.
4 The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art
a priest for
ever after the order of Melchizedek.
5 The Lord at thy right hand Shall strike through
kings in the day
of his wrath.
6 He shall judge among the heathen, he shall fill
the places with
the dead bodies; he shall
wound the heads over many countries.
7 He shall drink of the brook in the way:
therefore shall he
lift
up the head.1
Bible Commentary
1.
The Lord said unto my Lord. Substituting the Hebrew words for "Lord" we have the following, "Yahweh said unto 'adoni'". According to Jesus' statement the conversation occurred between God the Father and God the Son. Christ is seated in the place of highest
honour in the universe, the right hand of His Father (see Eph. 1:20-23; cf. 1 Cor. 15:24-28).2
Sit. As a
king (Ps 29:10), though the position rather than posture is intimated (compare
Ac 7:55, 56).3
Sit
at my right hand. Not only a mark of honour
(1Ki 2:19), but also implied participation of power (Ps 45:9; Mr 16:19; Eph
1:20).3
Until I make. The dominion of Christ over His enemies, as commissioned
by God, and entrusted with all power (Mt 28:18) for their subjugation, will
assuredly be established (1Co 15:24-28).3
Thine enemies thy footstool. An
expression taken from the custom of Eastern conquerors (compare Jos 10:24; Jud
1:7) to signify a complete subjection.3
2. Rod of thy strength. A common symbol of authority and power (see Jer. 48: 17).2
Out of Zion. Or, the Church, in which God
dwells by His Spirit, as once by a visible symbol in the tabernacle on Zion
(compare Ps 2:6).3
Rule thou. Over enemies now conquered.3
In the midst. Once set upon, as by ferocious
beasts (Ps 22:16),
now humbly, though reluctantly, confessed as Lord (Php 2:10, 11).3
3. Thy people shall be willing. Literally, "thy people voluntary offerings." When the king musters his army for the great day when the enemies of Zion will be overthrown, there will be a ready response. The people will yield willing allegiance to their leader.2
Beauties of holiness. Many Hebrew manuscripts, and Symmachus and
Jerome, read, "mountains of holiness." If this reading is correct, it pictures the mountains of Zion as the rallying point of the armies of Israel.2
From the womb . . . youth. The
word "youth" denotes a period of life distinguished for strength and activity
(compare Ec 11:9). The "dew" is a constant emblem of whatever is refreshing and
strengthening (Pr 19:12; Ho 14:5). The Messiah, then, as leading His people, is
represented as continually in the vigour of youth, refreshed and strengthened by
the early dew of God's grace and Spirit.3
4. Repent. He who understands the end from the beginning does not change His purpose. Though man's failure may necessitate a temporary interruption" of God's plan, yet in the end all things will "be carried out according to His original purpose.2
A priest for ever. The strongest possible language is employed to show that Christ is an eternal Priest. He is so by virtue of a promise of God confirmed by an oath (see Heb. 7:21). This settles the decree beyond all question.2
Order of Melchizedek. In Christ the priesthood and the kingship are
united as they were in Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of God
(see Gen. 14:18; Heb. 5:6, 10; 6:20; 7:1-3, 11, 15,
17, 24, 28).2
5. At
thy right hand. As Ps 109:31, upholding and aiding, which is not
inconsistent with Ps 110:1, where the figure denotes participation of power, for
here He is presented in another aspect, as a warrior going against enemies, and
sustained by God.3
Shall strike through kings. Earthly potentates will not be successful in op- posing the work of the Lord. The Lord will make His cause to triumph over earthly rulers.2
6.
The person is again changed. The Messiah's conquests are described,
though His work and God's are the same. As after a battle, whose
field is strewn with corpses, the conqueror ascends the seat of
empire, so shall He "judge," or "rule," among many nations, and
subdue.3
Judge. Condemn and punish them.4
The places. Or, the place of
battle.4
Dead bodies. Of his enemies.4
Wound. Literally, "smite," or
"crush" (compare Ps 110:5).3
Heads. All those princes who oppose
him.4
7. Drink.
He shall have a large portion of afflictions, while he is in the way or course
of his life, before he comes to that honour of sitting at his father's
right-hand. Waters in scripture frequently signify sufferings. To drink of them,
signifies to feel or bear them.4
Therefore. He shall be exalted to great glory and felicity.4
Lift up the head. Denoting that all traces of weariness are gone, and the leader is ready to go forward with renewed
vigour to accomplish the task at hand (see Luke 21 :28).2
References and notes
1. King James Authorized Version
2. Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary - Vol.3 pg 880, 881
3. Jamieson, Faussett, and Brown -
http://eword.gospelcom.net/comments/psalm/jfb/psalm110.htm
4. John Wesley's Notes on the Bible - http://eword.gospelcom.net/comments/psalm/wesley/psalm110.htm
5.
Spurgeon' Treasury of
David - http://eword.gospelcom.net/comments/psalm/spurgeon/psalm110.htm
6. John Gill's Exposition of the Bible -
http://eword.gospelcom.net/comments/psalm/gill/psalm110.htm
7. Who was Melchizedek? -
http://www.gotquestions.org/Melchizedek.html
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Who Wrote the Psalms?